Calculate formal charges and use the Electroneutrality Principle to determine which Lewis dot structure is the best, or which resonance structure makes the largest contribution to the resonance hybrid. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written Worksheet 6 - Lewis structures Determine the Lewis structure of O2 oxygen gas. Bent (2 bonding groups, 2 lone pairs on central atom) Strong= 100% Dissociative Displaying all worksheets related to - Lewis Structure Of Ions. Covalent bonds are formed when one electron from each atom forms an electron pair. Aq is aqueous For questions 1 and 2 predict the missing For example, NH3 reacts with BF3 because the lone pair on nitrogen can be shared with the boron atom: Elements in the second period of the periodic table (n = 2) can accommodate only eight electrons in their valence shell orbitals because they have only four valence orbitals (one 2s and three 2p orbitals). This is what happens to the Na+ and Cl ions: \[\mathbf{Na}^{+}\; + \; \mathbf{:}\mathbf{\ddot{\underset{.\: . The total number of electrons does not change. What is going on with these nuclear reactions? Lewis structure - Wikipedia The astute reader may have noticed something: many of the ions that form have eight electrons in their valence shell. The Lewis dot structure consists of six silicon and six oxygen atoms in a ring each with single bonds. Lewis Dot Structures | ChemTalk Hydrogen is the simplest element and comprises two of the same atoms. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Thus far in this chapter, we have discussed the various types of bonds that form between atoms and/or ions. 372 0 obj <>stream total valence electrons = _____ Use two of these electrons to make a bond between the 2 oxygen atoms. A Lewis Dot Structure can be made for a single atom, a covalent compound, or a polyatomic ion. 4 precipitations reactant or product and identify the form of radiation demonstrated in each Lewis Symbols and Structures - Chemistry - University of Hawaii The PCl 3 Lewis structure has the typical case of phosphorus P in the center with 3 bonds to 3 other atoms. lewis dot structures of atoms and ions worksheet Silver chloride is almost completely insoluble (AgCl) With arrows, illustrate the transfer of electrons to form potassium sulfide from \(K\) atoms and \(S\) atoms. Thus we need two \(Cl\) atoms to accept the two electrons from one \(Ca\) atom. These Lewis symbols and Lewis structures help visualize the valence electrons of atoms and molecules, whether they exist as lone pairs or within bonds. The protons carry a positive charge, while the electrons have a negative charge. Soot has been used as a pigment (often called carbon black) for thousands of years. In the figure below, both a structural formula and a Lewis structure are shown for ammonia, NH 3. Lewis Dot Structures. These worksheets have students explore the nature of atoms and their structure. These four electrons can be gained by forming four covalent bonds, as illustrated here for carbon in CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) and silicon in SiH4 (silane). Step 1: Lewis dot structure - studysmarter.us You are given an element or ion name and an atomic number. Consider sodium: in its elemental form, it has one valence electron and is stable. Carbon: 12 g/mole Lewis dot structure practice problems with answers and explanation youtube. Charcoal, high in carbon content, has likewise been critical to human development. The transition elements and inner transition elements also do not follow the octet rule: Group 15 elements such as nitrogen have five valence electrons in the atomic Lewis symbol: one lone pair and three unpaired electrons. hYmS+x.KlbRg|)Jalyv`t^V3H#Z-Wi8Sf5S3 +LxbR LqaF9(-Z"g{T neutrons in the nucleus and the electrons in each electron energy level around it. Drawing simple Lewis structures | The Cavalcade o' Chemistry Carbon is the key additive to iron in the steelmaking process, and diamonds have a unique place in both culture and industry. Lewis Dot Structures Worksheet #1 Answer Key You may need to balance a reaction or two. Lesson 1 - Lewis Structure. Lewis Dot Structures and Molecule Geometries Worksheet Answer Key 3 4. |LSp\:G7c|f (s9;6~X/#uhygM3nd[ekPsxx,%#g`U?t0=~j57DsSob(O{K443~2|Ho"$Q/jBb6#5@L7Lw_,\y/"f#zC<1fF/ xH~23H9OM!~pl!^D9w`Do )`6Sl4X>a}!`I:}O-ezaBmDFr$lm| }u V00lB,z!6:cdM(#N m9K&H=v0@D8!YX39az6ukQP)CQWx". . Draw the Lewis dot structure for each of the following polyatomic ions: a. NH 4 + c. PO 4 -3 b. Not allowed to change the formulas to reactants or products You will give 3 pieces of data and are asked to complete this here chart for us. Explain your Eiji Osawa predicted a spherical form based on observations of a similar structure, but his work was not widely known outside Japan. endstream endobj 373 0 obj <>stream H!C. Halogen: 1 bond Draw the Electron dot structure. Oxygen is the third most plentiful element, with hydrogen being the most abundant and helium being second. b. CHEM 1151 Worksheet Author: Gainesville College Last modified by: Gainesville College Created Date: 9/28/1999 8:39:00 PM a. Chemistry questions and answers. Actual molecule is a mix of all resonance structures, VSEPR Theory and Molecular Shape d?s>h !We!can!always!distribute!the!electrons! configuration of 8 valence electrons. A dash (or line) is sometimes used to indicate a shared pair of electrons: A single shared pair of electrons is called a single bond. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site hydrogen: 1 atom x 1 valence electron = 1 valence electron. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. When atoms form compounds, the octet rule is not always satisfied for all atoms at all times, but it is a very good rule of thumb for understanding the kinds of bonding arrangements that atoms can make. They have a negative charge and provide very little mass to the overall element. 2. %PDF-1.5 Don't forget to show brackets and charge on your LDS for ions! In all, there are over one hundred discovered atoms. energy level (shell) of the atom. Lewis dot diagrams for elements are a handy way of picturing valence electrons, and . atoms that can exceed the octet bonded to an atom with lone pairs. How to draw simple Lewis structures (i.e. Note lone pair electrons and bonding electrons in HCl Steps for writing Lewis dot structures Sum the valence e-'s from all the atoms. tool to explore how atoms bond into more complex substances a lewis dot structure is also called a . 10.3: Lewis Structures of Ionic Compounds- Electrons Transferred Student will also write elements in standard atomic notation, write the Lewis Dot Diagrams for atoms and ions, identify how many electrons need to be gained or lost to to for an ion, determine whether a cation or anion has formed and write the atom in ion notation. Carbon can form limitless molecules that vary in size, composition, and shape. Place a check to identify the form of radiation demonstrated by each reaction below. Provide the number of atoms in each molecule of the substances represented by the This suggests the best Lewis structure has three BF single bonds and an electron deficient boron. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . This is an acid-base neutralization reaction 2D vs 3D Put remaining dots as lone pairs to complete octets M SoU]SSpX[@xN4~|OhX#>nzwx:c5HH?:oq"&pf|\t2P? Add Coefficients to Balance step-by-step process is faster. Since valence electrons are typically represented as dots, these structural formulas sometimes are called Lewis dot stutctures. Accurate drawings of Lewis dot structures for atoms and ions. What are lewis structures? The attraction between oppositely charged ions is called an ionic bond, and it is one of the main types of chemical bonds in chemistry. It is a colorless, weightless gas. 1. You will see why below. What about when an Na atom interacts with an O atom? Bases produce OH- ions in solution > Source: www.chegg.com. In this section, we will explore the typical method for depicting valence shell electrons and chemical bonds, namely Lewis symbols and Lewis structures. Atoms and ions worksheet answer key. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 792 612] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> wZ5Aae Hydrogen is in water and comprises sixty-one percent of the human bodys atoms. The word "atom" is derived from a Greek word for "uncuttable". Determine which atoms are bonded together and put two electrons between them to represent the bond 3. - Draw the Lewis Dot Diagram for each of the ions involved ! To obtain an octet, these atoms form three covalent bonds, as in NH3 (ammonia). Balancing Chemical Equations diagram, and put in the resulting charge of -1. The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber) Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud) Lewis dot structures of atoms and ions University The City College of New York Course General Chemistry II (CHEM 10401) Uploaded by Maryann Gomes Academic year2022/2023 Helpful? Every atom (except the hydronium ion) has two main components, a NUCLEUS with For the following molecules or ions (where the central atom is underlined): i. This is truly one of the largest collections of atomic structure worksheets in one place. Formal charges are an important book-keeping device that we use in Lewis structures. z, /|f\Z?6!Y_o]A PK ! atoms and ions. Lewis dot structures Polyatomic ion Charges Hydrogen bonds Valence electrons Skills Practiced You will practice the following skills: Reading comprehension - ensure that you draw the most. 6 lewis, geometry, polarity }O}}\mathbf{\: :} \nonumber \]. more electrons. Oxygen is a tasteless, odorless gas that all living things need for breathing. 2021-22, Chapter 01 - Fundamentals of Nursing 9th edition - test bank, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1. Recall that a Lewis dot symbol refers to an elemental symbol with dots used to represent the valence electrons. How to Draw a Lewis Structure - ThoughtCo What will the resulting atom or ion symbol look like? 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Write the complete electron configuration for each of the following elements. A Lewis symbol consists of an elemental symbol surrounded by one dot for each of its valence electrons: Figure 7.9 shows the Lewis symbols for the elements of the third period of the periodic table. Elemental substances (oxidation state same as charge) Ionic or covalent? Every living thing is made of atoms. CHEM 101 - Lewis structures - Gonzaga University Before!anyone!gets!wrong!ideas;!the!electrons!aren't!permanently!fixed!to! Mass in grams Moles Number of particles, Exam: Since chlorine is a nonmetal, it has relatively high values for 7.3 Lewis Symbols and Structures - Chemistry 2e | OpenStax Lewis structures are really helpful when it comes to learning about the oxidation states, valence, and the type of bonding. Circle the part of your diagram that shows We must take away 1 dot from the dot diagram of the Use Lewis dot structures to represent the valence shells of metal and nonmetal For the species in the problem above that do not have a noble gas configuration, identify how they can obtain a noble gas configuration of 8 electrons. The astute reader may have noticed something: many of the ions that form have eight electrons in their valence shell. In the compound potassium bromide, determine the charge on the potassium ion and the Connect each atom to the central atom with a single bond (one electron pair). Covalent (EN is less than .4) Lewis Dot Diagrams: Explanation, Examples & Electrons - StudySmarter US Lewis Structures - chemed.chem.purdue.edu Worksheet - Lewis Dot - Arkansas State University 3. Count total # of valence electrons 2. . These structures, also known as lewis structures or electron dot structures, are drawings that visually demonstrate how electrons are shared and arranged around atoms. }O}}\mathbf{\: :}\right]^{2-}\; \; \; \; \; Mg^{2+}O^{2-}\; or\; MgO \nonumber \]. 1. 2. Answered: Draw a Lewis dot structure for the | bartleby N _rels/.rels ( JAa}7 Lewis symbols illustrating the number of valence electrons for each element in the third period of the periodic table. Cations are formed when atoms lose electrons, represented by fewer Lewis dots, whereas anions are formed by atoms gaining electrons. Notes: Remember that Metals tend to lose their electrons, falling back to their . 1. It is stated in orbital notation. The number of valence electrons for an atom is the number of electrons in the outer POGIL - 2005 1/ Draw the Lewis dot structures of the following atoms ions Draw the Lewis dot structures for each of the following, and determine whether they have a stable noble gas configuration. You find three simple sub-atomic particles in each atom. Lewis Dot Structures of Atoms and Ions Why? This means that it will gain electrons until it Bohr models (or Bohr diagram) are diagrams that show the number of protons and Lewis structure worksheet 1 community unit school. How to calculate oxidation state All the questions on this page are about determining the half life of substances. Draw the dot diagrams for calcium and oxygen. Worksheet chemical bonding ionic and 3. They also possess unique electronic and optical properties that have been put to good use in solar powered devices and chemical sensors. The reactivity of the compound is also consistent with an electron deficient boron. You will across note the directionals. It readily combines with a molecule containing an atom with a lone pair of electrons. How to Draw Lewis Structures - Albert Resources A \(Ca\) atom has two valence electrons, while a \(Cl\) atom has seven electrons. Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms Answers To. OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. For example, when two chlorine atoms form a chlorine molecule, they share one pair of electrons: The Lewis structure indicates that each Cl atom has three pairs of electrons that are not used in bonding (called lone pairs) and one shared pair of electrons (written between the atoms). We dipped into, CHMY 121 - These are introduction notes. 4 moles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, 2 val e), expanded octet possible for n>3 (P, Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Intact-compound Equation We peek into the true anatomy of these buggers. lewis dot structures of atoms and ions worksheet. If we mix AgNO3 with water, it dissolves <> The number of bonds that an atom can form can often be predicted from the number of electrons needed to reach an octet (eight valence electrons); this is especially true of the nonmetals of the second period of the periodic table (C, N, O, and F). A \(Cl\) atom needs only one more to complete its octet, while \(Ca\) atoms have two electrons to lose. Determine the total number of valence (outer shell) electrons in the molecule or ion. Lewis dot diagram worksheet use the bohr models to determine the number of. A double bond forms when two pairs of electrons are shared between a pair of atoms, as between the carbon and oxygen atoms in CH2O (formaldehyde) and between the two carbon atoms in C2H4 (ethylene): A triple bond forms when three electron pairs are shared by a pair of atoms, as in carbon monoxide (CO) and the cyanide ion (CN): For very simple molecules and molecular ions, we can write the Lewis structures by merely pairing up the unpaired electrons on the constituent atoms. This is truly one of the largest collections of atomic structure worksheets in one place. If we isolate the 2 metals, we can make the electrons flow through a wire S is a solid diagram, total number of valence electrons, and Lewis dot structure. Lewis dot diagrams and ionic bonding worksheet 2. and needs one dot. from one another as possible Using Lewis dot diagrams, show how some number of atoms of magnesium and atoms of Draw the Lewis dot structures for each of the following molecules: a. H 2 S c. SO 3 b. CH 2 Br 2 d. HCN 3. Find the total sum of valence electrons that each atom contributes to . If the atoms are too close together, the repulsive forces are much stronger and the potential energy is at a maximum, and a bond will not form. Label all the parts and tell us what we know about this particular atom based on the sub-atomic particle arrangement. (or electron dot diagram or a Lewis diagram or a Lewis structure) is a representation of the valence electrons of an atom that uses dots around the symbol of the element. Lewis Dot Structures Objectives: 1. decay in a given time. The Periodic Table is a chart of chemical elements (made up of atoms) organized into rows where elements with a similar structure are grouped together. Gain/Lose ___ e- Draw ion Name of ion Na 1 Cation Loses 1 Na+1 Sodium ion S 7 Anion Gains 2 S-2 Sulfide Cl In 1996, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Richard Smalley (Figure 7.11), Robert Curl, and Harold Kroto for their work in discovering a new form of carbon, the C60 buckminsterfullerene molecule (Figure 7.1). }Cl}}\mathbf{\: :}^{-}\rightarrow Na^{+}Cl^{-}\; \; or\; \; NaCl \nonumber \]. { "10.01:_Bonding_Models_and_AIDS_Drugs" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10.02:_Representing_Valence_Electrons_with_Dots" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10.03:_Lewis_Structures_of_Ionic_Compounds-_Electrons_Transferred" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10.04:_Covalent_Lewis_Structures-_Electrons_Shared" : "property get [Map 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\newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), Example \(\PageIndex{1}\): Synthesis of Calcium Chloride from Elements, 10.2: Representing Valence Electrons with Dots, 10.4: Covalent Lewis Structures- Electrons Shared, 1.4: The Scientific Method: How Chemists Think, Chapter 2: Measurement and Problem Solving, 2.2: Scientific Notation: Writing Large and Small Numbers, 2.3: Significant Figures: Writing Numbers to Reflect Precision, 2.6: Problem Solving and Unit Conversions, 2.7: Solving Multistep Conversion Problems, 2.10: Numerical Problem-Solving Strategies and the Solution Map, 2.E: Measurement and Problem Solving (Exercises), 3.3: Classifying Matter According to Its State: Solid, Liquid, and Gas, 3.4: Classifying Matter According to Its Composition, 3.5: Differences in Matter: Physical and Chemical Properties, 3.6: Changes in Matter: Physical and Chemical Changes, 3.7: Conservation of Mass: There is No New Matter, 3.9: Energy and Chemical and Physical Change, 3.10: Temperature: Random Motion of Molecules and Atoms, 3.12: Energy and Heat Capacity Calculations, 4.4: The Properties of Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons, 4.5: Elements: Defined by Their Numbers of Protons, 4.6: Looking for Patterns: The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table, 4.8: Isotopes: When the Number of Neutrons Varies, 4.9: Atomic Mass: The Average Mass of an Elements Atoms, 5.2: Compounds Display Constant Composition, 5.3: Chemical Formulas: How to Represent Compounds, 5.4: A Molecular View of Elements and Compounds, 5.5: Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds, 5.11: Formula Mass: The Mass of a Molecule or Formula Unit, 6.5: Chemical Formulas as Conversion Factors, 6.6: Mass Percent Composition of Compounds, 6.7: Mass Percent Composition from a Chemical Formula, 6.8: Calculating Empirical Formulas for Compounds, 6.9: Calculating Molecular Formulas for Compounds, 7.1: Grade School Volcanoes, Automobiles, and Laundry Detergents, 7.4: How to Write Balanced Chemical Equations, 7.5: Aqueous Solutions and Solubility: Compounds Dissolved in Water, 7.6: Precipitation Reactions: Reactions in Aqueous Solution That Form a Solid, 7.7: Writing Chemical Equations for Reactions in Solution: Molecular, Complete Ionic, and Net Ionic Equations, 7.8: AcidBase and Gas Evolution Reactions, Chapter 8: Quantities in Chemical Reactions, 8.1: Climate Change: Too Much Carbon Dioxide, 8.3: Making Molecules: Mole-to-Mole Conversions, 8.4: Making Molecules: Mass-to-Mass Conversions, 8.5: Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield, 8.6: Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield from Initial Masses of Reactants, 8.7: Enthalpy: A Measure of the Heat Evolved or Absorbed in a Reaction, Chapter 9: Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table, 9.1: Blimps, Balloons, and Models of the Atom, 9.5: The Quantum-Mechanical Model: Atoms with Orbitals, 9.6: Quantum-Mechanical Orbitals and Electron Configurations, 9.7: Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table, 9.8: The Explanatory Power of the Quantum-Mechanical Model, 9.9: Periodic Trends: Atomic Size, Ionization Energy, and Metallic Character, 10.3: Lewis Structures of Ionic Compounds: Electrons Transferred, 10.4: Covalent Lewis Structures: Electrons Shared, 10.5: Writing Lewis Structures for Covalent Compounds, 10.6: Resonance: Equivalent Lewis Structures for the Same Molecule, 10.8: Electronegativity and Polarity: Why Oil and Water Dont Mix, 11.2: Kinetic Molecular Theory: A Model for Gases, 11.3: Pressure: The Result of Constant Molecular Collisions, 11.5: Charless Law: Volume and Temperature, 11.6: Gay-Lussac's Law: Temperature and Pressure, 11.7: The Combined Gas Law: Pressure, Volume, and Temperature, 11.9: The Ideal Gas Law: Pressure, Volume, Temperature, and Moles, 11.10: Mixtures of Gases: Why Deep-Sea Divers Breathe a Mixture of Helium and Oxygen, Chapter 12: Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces, 12.3: Intermolecular Forces in Action: Surface Tension and Viscosity, 12.6: Types of Intermolecular Forces: Dispersion, DipoleDipole, Hydrogen Bonding, and Ion-Dipole, 12.7: Types of Crystalline Solids: Molecular, Ionic, and Atomic, 13.3: Solutions of Solids Dissolved in Water: How to Make Rock Candy, 13.4: Solutions of Gases in Water: How Soda Pop Gets Its Fizz, 13.5: Solution Concentration: Mass Percent, 13.9: Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation: Making Water Freeze Colder and Boil Hotter, 13.10: Osmosis: Why Drinking Salt Water Causes Dehydration, 14.1: Sour Patch Kids and International Spy Movies, 14.4: Molecular Definitions of Acids and Bases, 14.6: AcidBase Titration: A Way to Quantify the Amount of Acid or Base in a Solution, 14.9: The pH and pOH Scales: Ways to Express Acidity and Basicity, 14.10: Buffers: Solutions That Resist pH Change, status page at https://status.libretexts.org.