Quite funny , from Latin Anglican Comment on Anglicanism. See also Terminology Differences by Sandra Tanner. Thanks for this. The Catholic Church rightly describes herself as The Universal Church. the belief that Christ is present in the bread and wine of the eucharist in more than a merely figurative or symbolic way. the lifting up of the consecrated host [qv] and chalice during the mass, regarded by many Protestants as idolatrous. 30 Religious Terms You Should Know - Daily Writing Tips Kudos for getting Immaculate Conception spot-on! The central act of worship in the Catholic Church. split within the church, which may or may not lead to heresy [qv]. The pope must approve all requests for laicization. The chief archivist of a diocese's official records. He is presumed to have lived sometime in the period 2000-1700 BCE. secular: worldly, not sacred. We use cookies to give you the best online experience. Similar to profane, secular refers to anything that is not specifically religious. Daniel G. Reid et al., Dictionary of Christianity in America (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1990), This definition of covenant is from O. Palmer Robertson's book, Circumcision controversy in early Christianity, emphasizing the letter of law at the expense of the spirit, epochal relationship of restoration and peace, Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament, Merriam-Webster.com: dictionary, "Christendom", Catholic Encyclopedia: Chronology of the Life of Jesus Christ, Architecture of cathedrals and great churches, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Christianity&oldid=1132349412, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Wikipedia glossaries using unordered lists, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 8 January 2023, at 13:15. Continuum Glossary of Religious Terms provides a comprehensive glossary of terms from seven major religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. katherine F. (United States of America) This list includes types of religions, books of study, and words related to basic beliefs. It means not known. Agnostics take a faithless (safer) position, whereas believers in God and Atheists alike have taken a position of commitment based on their beliefs which are evidential, experiential and circumstantial. eschatology: the study of matters relating to the ultimate destiny of mankind and the world. Glossary of religious and spiritual terms (Starting with "P") In Catholic usage, the term is used most commonly to refer collectively to the bishops of the world or a particular region. Antichrist You can update your cookie preferences at any time. the flat wheaten disc used for celebration of the eucharist. A broad term in Catholic usage for any activity conducive to the salvation of souls. Anglican: relating to the Church of England. tribunal. In time bishop came to mean the chief administrator of a diocese (administrative district governed by a bishop) with the power to ordain. Religious Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com Before then (and for long after) the great majority of the members of the Church of England thought of themselves as Protestants. TheCode of Canon Lawspells out certain limited obligations and authority that the metropolitan archbishop has with respect to the dioceses within his province. By canon law, he is also vicar general of the diocese. See that entry. Such a council's role is consultative and always subject to the final authority of the pastor or bishop. The College of Cardinals is charged with the responsibility of electing a new pope when the office becomes vacant. curia. John Smith orthe Rev. In a country with which the Vatican does not have diplomatic relations, the official Vatican liaison with the church there is called anapostolic delegate. real presence Most are heads of major dioceses around the world or of the major departments of the Vatican, or are retired from such posts. In most contexts it can be called anarchdiocese, but if some legal distinction between Eastern and Latin Catholic jurisdictions is important, it may be necessary to introduce the term. Adj. In this legal sense women religious (sisters) and unordained men religious (brothers) are laity. The word heathen is used pejoratively to mean a person without religion. In the Latin or Western Church, the governing code is the 1983Code of Canon Law, a revision of the 1917Code of Canon Law. Reformed, the In reality, Jesus was born probably in the Fall of a year between 4 and 7 BCE. It is sugar water which is used during the Khalsa initiation ceremony. Unless some legal distinction between a Latin rite diocese and an Eastern Church eparchy is relevant to a news report, in most cases it is appropriate to refer to an eparchy as a diocese and to its leader as a bishop. Glossary of Sikh Religious Terms - Gateway to Sikhism These movements have also been referred to as messianic, nativistic, and revitalization movements. penance Calvary is the hill on the outskirts of ancient Jerusalem on which Jesus was crucified. multifaith): An attempt to initiate dialog, cooperation, and understanding among individuals of many different faiths. John hinted at a flaw in your definition of Eucharist. The flaw is that the definition varies significantly among Christian denominations. Other purposes have included religious ceremonies to accumulate wealth, avoid danger, or eliminate enemies. On Azusa Street in Los Angeles was the mission church of black Holiness preacher William J. Seymour where one of the most important streams of pentecostalism had its genesis in revivals that took place between 1905 and 1913. In this glossary, you will find definitions of common religious freedom and First Amendment terms and phrases, as compiled by our experts, for your greater understanding. Unlike an auxiliary bishopseeauxiliary bishophe has the right of succession, meaning that he automatically becomes the new bishop when the diocesan bishop retires or dies. presbyterate. Their liturgy and mysticism is more similar to Catholicism than to any other Christian denomination, but has some important distinctions. The word is also used to describe a type of Christian belief that emphasizes the inerrancy of scripture and salvation through personal conversion. jihad: a holy war on behalf of Islam. If I may come up with a political example, there would be certain people who disbelieve in Weapons of Mass Destruction in Iraq having previously believed there were, while others never believed there were. A catechism is a manual or lesson book of Christian instruction, containing essential Christian teachings for young people or those seeking to join the Christian community. Catholics and Jews were the most exotic religious practitioners in town, and atheist was a strong term of disapprobation. Religious Terms Glossary: from the Concise Lexicon of Christianity The religions have been chosen to reflect the main faiths that are studied both in school and at university in the English speaking world. Multi -faith (a.k.a. Thanks Maeve. GCSE which was published by the School Examination Council (SEC) in 1986. The distinction was sometimes blurred in practice. lay ecclesial ministry. In pastoral ministry, they are under the jurisdiction of their local bishop, as well as of the superiors of their order. The glossary is a revision of Religious Studies - A Glossary of Terms. Mantra: A sacred religious prayer. Every field has specialized terms, and the field of religious freedom is no different. The first three are also called thesacraments of Christian initiation, and in the Eastern Catholic and Orthodox traditions they are administered together in infancy. Mtali catechism Seedioceseandarcheparchy. SeeCollege of Cardinals. the sacred writings of the Christian religions. Eucharist: the sacrament of the Lords Supper, a rite in which bread and wine are consecrated and consumed in symbolic union with Christ. conclave. @Emma re: small c versus capital C Catholic there is no difference except that one is used as a title. seminary. Religion Terms. Thelocalorparticular churchmeans the (arch)diocese, the community of faithful gathered around the altar under its bishop. A chaplain is a member of the clergy who serves in a prison, a hospital, a college, or some other institution outside the context of the normal congregational life of a religious community. Technically, 'Catholic' means universal, and the creed recited by most Christians in this period affirms belief in 'the holy catholic church'. The apostles are the disciples of Jesus recognized as leaders of the early church; Paul, although not a disciple, came to be considered an apostle as well. It is governed by an archbishop. The threshold amounts are established periodically by an agreement with the Holy See and are currently subject to annual inflation changes determined by the cost of living index. It is also called anepiscopal conference. archepiscopal. nihilism: the viewpoint that all traditional beliefs are unfounded and that human life has no meaning. Thesee cityis that city after which the diocese or archdiocese is named. A religious syllable or poem, typically from the Sanskrit language. He also held that justification did not make people good or righteous, but because of the sacrifice of Christ on the cross God accepted them as if they were. Catholicism taught that scripture was supplemented by the tradition of the Church, and that the Church was the authoritative interpreter of scripture. While the accidents (shape, colour, taste etc) remain, the substance is transformed. All Rights Reserved. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 Daily Writing Tips, a Found First Marketing company. In Catholic practice done through confession to a priest (auricular confession) who confers absolution. -. It is the highest diocesan position open to women. refers to the teaching of the thirteenth-century systematic theologian Thomas Aquinas, favoured by Catholics, but not Protestants. lay: not in holy orders. It includes the Mass (also called theEucharistic liturgy), the celebration of the other sacraments, and the Liturgy of the Hours, which contains the official prayers recited by priests and some others to sanctify parts of the day. The USCCB traces its origins to the 1919 establishment of the National Catholic Welfare Conference. Celibacy is not a vow; it should be described as a promise. Seenun. Religious Terms Glossary: from the Concise Lexicon of Christianity Concise Lexicon of Christianity Teachings, worship, rites, sermons, and terminology Religious Terms generic term for the churches (excluding the eastern orthodox) who rejected the authority of the papacy. Another reorganization in 2001 resulted in the USCCB. (Pronounced Ma-noot in Thai.) iconographical). NB - this concept, and the word itself, is anachronistic before about the middle of the seventeenth century. asceticism: a mode of life that excludes physical pleasures and self-indulgence. iconography Ash Wednesday is the first day of the season of fasting, penitence, and spiritual discipline and study called Lent, the six and one half weeks preceding Easter. For one thing, some of the terms are defined differently by different religious groups. ?the one who just disbelieves in God, or the one who claims there is no god??? See alsocanon law. Protestants rejected purgatory as unscriptural. This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals. Thanks. Seeauxiliary bishopandcoadjutor. Glossary of Terms - ReGAIN, Religious Groups Awareness International Eastern Catholic Churches. Its purpose must be a moral good that, with God's grace, can be achieved. Gnostic mystery religions abounded in the Roman Empire. The Catholic belief that in the eucharist the bread and wine is completely replaced by the real body and blood of Christ. transubstantiation The head of an archeparchy is called anarcheparch, but in most contexts he can be called anarchbishop. A man who has taken vows in a religious order but is not ordained or studying for the priesthood. The literal meaning of the word is good news.. Angels are especially described as divine messengers. arguments used to justify something, typically a religious doctrine. Deacons preparing for the priesthood aretransitional deacons. Strictly, the title applies to women religious of those institutes, mostly formed during or since the 19th century, whose members do not profess solemn vows. Glossary of religious and spiritual terms (Starting with "A") Angels are especially described as divine messengers. GCSE which was published by the School Examination Council (SEC) in 1986. Most serve in the parishes of the diocese, but they may also be assigned to other diocesan posts and ministries or be released for service outside the diocese. Hinduism: a body of social, cultural, and religious beliefs and practices found chiefly in India. For many Christians it is a day of fasting and a day on which the season ahead is symbolized by the imposition of ashes on ones forehead. as the religious title before the name of bishops and archbishops, not just before the name of priests who have received that honorary ecclesiastical title from the pope. Religious Freedom Glossary of Terms. In its general sense chastity does not mean abstinence from sexual activity as such, but rather moral sexual conduct. Apostolic Practices Studies are interrupted for After earning his Ph.D. from Boston University, King became minister of a Baptist church in Montgomery, Alabama, where he led the successful non-violent bus boycott, bringing about an end to the segregation of the citys transportation system. The latter are called lay brothers. It consists of bishops and priests serving the diocese. The glossary is a revision of Religious Studies - A Glossary of Terms. A separate but parallelCode of Canons of the Eastern Churches, issued in 1990, governs the Eastern Catholic churches. Still having trouble with the concept, if youll pardon me. This term sets my teeth on edge, especially when used as a shorthand definition as you have done. Nowadays there are religious groups that identify themselves as Pagans. The Christian equivalent word is crusade, a campaign or war sanctioned by the Church against unbelievers or heretics. Literal crusades were common in the Middle Ages and were directed against Christian heretics as well as non-Christians. Holy See. scripture Continuum Glossary of Religious Terms - Alibris The glossary has been . But meanwhile the Brits were still speaking and continue to speak Anglishwhich is basically German. Ecclesialis reserved to those who are in church-recognized leadership positions, generally certified to represent the church in their area of expertise after appropriate human, spiritual, intellectual and pastoral formation. liturgical). Even though excommunicated, the person is still responsible for fulfillment of the normal obligations of a Catholic. vicar general. Those not planning to be ordained priests are calledpermanent deacons. It is sometimes used as a penalty for a serious crime or scandal, but more often it comes at the request of the priest. (1) The canon of Sacred Scripture is the list of books recognized by the church as inspired by the Holy Spirit. archdiocesan. A meeting of cardinals in Rome. Protestants had a much wider concept than Catholics of what constituted idolatry. cardinal. Episcopal is the adjective for bishop. the process by which people are restored to God's favour, having lost it through sin. We value your privacy and use cookies to remember your shopping preferences and to analyze our website traffic. Adj. Neither classical Paganism nor contemporary polytheism are earth-centered even if that term actually means anything. PDF Religious Education: Glossary of Terms For the early Christians, a pagan was a believer in polytheistic religion. presbyteral council. 16 words 57 learners . a conscious, organized movement that attempts to revive or perpetuate selected aspects of an indigenous culture or to gain control of the direction and rate of culture change being forced on them. He or she may be the head of a province or of an individual house. In a church setting one may speak of the clergy and the laity (non-clerical members of the church). Glossary of Religion Terms. Much theological debate has focused on whether the free gift of God's grace is a necessary precondition for all good works, and the role that human freewill plays in co-operating with grace. It is occasionally used as a synonym for " interfaith ." Unfortunately, the term "faith" is defined differently by various religious groups. Panentheism, Panentheist: (From the Greek pan-en-theos which means all-in-God) Like Pantheism, Panentheism includes the belief that God is in everything. Generally, it is more appropriate to refer to a Vatican dicastery by its more specific proper name: congregation, pontifical council, etc. Hoping to avoid acrimony, I included disclaimer at the top of the list of terms. Whether we care about it or not, we ought to be able to read and write about religion with some understanding of the terminology. -. auxiliary bishop. consistory. The South Gloucestershire SACRE has prepared this glossary as a reference aid to the teaching of RE and the use of the new Agreed Syllabus. NB - this concept, and the word itself, is anachronistic before about the middle of the seventeenth century. a visible ritual action designed to convey an invisible spiritual grace, usually performed by a priest. The Church of England is a national church that broke with the Roman Catholic Church in the English Reformation of the 16th century; the Worldwide Anglican communion, led by the Archbishop of Canterbury, consists of more than thirty-eight autonomous provinces throughout the world, including the Episcopal Church in the United States. The term has spread to non-religious professions. finance council. A diocesan bishop or his equivalent, his vicar general and episcopal vicar, or a major superior of a clerical religious order, congregation or society. The head of a religious order or congregation. The word comes from Greek hairesis, action of taking, choice, sect. Originally a heresy was simply a difference of opinion. The Pluralism ProjectHarvard University2 Arrow St, 4th FloorCambridge MA02138. "Putative" (meaning apparent or seeming) is a key word in the entire process: It refers to a marriage in which at least one party acted in good faith, believing it was valid at the time it took place. apostolic nuncio. (NB Protestants and Catholics recognised slightly different texts: Catholicism accepted as authentic books in the Greek version of the Old Testament not included in the Hebrew bible - the Apocrypha). Adj. (3)Canonis another name for a law in theCode of Canon Law. Apart from its obvious use to refer to a building where Christians gather to worship God,churchhas a rich theological and doctrinal meaning for Catholics that also sets limits on how it is applied. It refers to the number of years since the birth of Yeshua of Nazareth, a.k.a. Luther, and many subsequent Protestants, identified the papacy (rather than an individual pope) as the antichrist. An apostolic nuncio, also called apapal nuncio, is always an archbishop, and it is his religious title that is capitalized as a title before his name, e.g.,Archbishop Carlo MariaVigan,apostolic nuncio to the United States,notApostolic Nuncio Carlo MariaVigan. A national (or in a very few cases regional) body of bishops that meets periodically to collaborate on matters of common concern in their country or region, such as moral, doctrinal, pastoral and liturgical questions; relations with other religious groups; and public policy issues. on the path to systematic vocabulary improvement. Eastern Catholics and Orthodox usually refer to confirmation aschrismation. Each diocese has a diocesan tribunal, used mainly to hear marriage cases. A priest in charge of a Catholic parish or congregation. the word also meant civilian and may have been coined by pagans to distinguish themselves from christian milites. With the publication of the model syllabuses for religious education, and the work involving the faithcommunities in Britain, it was felt to be an appropriate time for revision. Religious definition, of, relating to, or concerned with religion: a religious holiday. Each archdiocese has an archdiocesan tribunala court of first trialand a metropolitan tribunal, an appeals court that reviews decisions of diocesan courts in that ecclesiastical province when necessary. For more information on covering the Catholic Church and the Mass, see: annulment. Create and assign quizzes to your students to test their vocabulary. The Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, and Protestant churches including Lutherans and Methodists, have bishops. religious priest/diocesan priest. Many titular sees are ancient cities of the Middle East or Northern Africa. A code of ecclesiastical laws governing the Catholic Church. Find information on Religion terms and definitions in the cross-referenced index. Penance is also called the sacrament ofreconciliation. In certain cases it may be better to use an appositive phrase or some other approach:Sister Janet Smith, a School Sister of Notre Dame, rather thanSchool Sister of Notre Dame Sister Janet Smith. Paatal: Also termed as nether world, it is the underground world and is one of the three lokas. ecclesiastic: relating to a church. Believed by both Catholics and Protestants to be the ultimate source of religious truth. Please let us know if you agree to functional, advertising and performance cookies. Christendom - In a cultural sense, it refers to the religion itself, or to the worldwide community of Christians, adherents of Christianity. The Mass is divided into two main parts. As always, most appreciated. Someone who lacks professional knowledge of a particular profession is called a layman. the breaking of religious imagery (statues, stained glass, crosses etc) in belief that they represent idolatry [qv]. Calvinism is the tradition of Christian faith and practice developed by the 16th century reformer John Calvin (1509-64) who emphasized the sole authority of scripture, the omnipotence and sovereignty of God, human sinfulness, and salvation by faith alone. Seeeparchy. The religions have been chosen to reflect the main faiths that are studied both in school and at university in the English speaking world. Whether a woman religious is a nun or sister in a strict canonical sense, in news reporting it is appropriate to use the termSisteras the religious title before her name. Men and women entering religious life take vows, typically of poverty, chastity and obedience. An archidiocese is a particularly large or important diocese over which the archbiship has juirsdiction. Find dictionary definitions and related terms in the Religious category on the online Definitions.net glossary. In recent years a growing number of U.S. bishops in larger dioceses or archdioceses have requested and received a coadjutor in the final year or two before their retirement, in order to familiarize their successor with the workings of the (arch)diocese before he has to take over the reins. Christmas is the Christian celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. Moksha: Liberation, or Freedom, from the endless cycle of births known as Samsara. brother. the English language is basically Anglishthe language of the Germans who invaded and controlled Britain until the French-Norman William the Conquerer invaded in 1066 and brought French to Britain. the sacred writings of the Christian religions, the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth, a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior, the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity, the monotheistic religious system of Muslims, the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud, the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina, the beatitude that transcends the cycle of reincarnation, worshipping or believing in more than one god, the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors, the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit, (from the Sanskrit word for `knowledge') any of the most ancient sacred writings of Hinduism written in early Sanskrit; traditionally believed to comprise the Samhitas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads. The Catholic Churches with origins in Eastern Europe, Asia and Africa that have their own distinctive liturgical, legal and organizational systems and are identified by the national or ethnic character of their region of origin. Sometimes referred to as the desert religions.. If a church official uses the term in this more restricted former use, it is wise to question him or her on what he or she means by the term. Omnipotence: The concept that God has infinite power; he is able to do anything that he wishes that is consistent with his own personality. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. It includes a belief in reincarnation and transmigration of souls. The anointing of the sick used to be calledextreme unctionwhen it was only given to those gravely ill or in danger of death. A bishop who heads a diocese. (2) In your definition of eschatology you use the word mankind. atheism: disbelief in any deity or supernatural power. There was a brief period, from 1984 to 1991, when the Vatican ambassador to the United States was called thepro-nunciobecause he was not the dean of the world's ambassadors to the United States (a position that under a Vienna convention is automatically given to the Vatican ambassador in many countries but in other countries is given to the senior foreign ambassador, wherever he is from). For public religious holidays, see Roman festivals. Not a specific job title, but a general theological description of the work of Catholics who are not ordained but are engaged in substantial public leadership positions in church ministry, collaborating closely with the ordained leadership and working under their authority. the sacrament [qv] in which bread and wine is blessed or consecrated and then consumed (the communion). The Catholic Church recognised seven sacraments: baptism [v], confirmation, eucharist [qv], penance [qv], holy orders, marriage, anointing of the sick (extreme unction); Protestantism usually only two: baptism and the eucharist (though sometimes penance as well). It may appear cumbersome as a result of our desire to make it as comprehensive as possible. Church penalty under which a priest, while retaining his clerical status, is no longer permitted to perform priestly functions such as celebrating Mass, preaching or administering the sacraments. Faith is a commitment of action or belief based on certain evidences, though all supporting facts remain unknown. vow. Modern paganism is earth-centered and can include polytheistic beliefs.